Electronic Personal Health Records (ePHR), and why Americans need them.

O.K. you say, what the hell is an Electronic Personal Health Record (ePHR), and why do I care? Well here's a scenario:

Mildred, a 64 year old woman who lives alone, just suffered a stroke. Unable to talk due to her stroke, but able to dial 911 & hanging up the phone, Mildred was visited by the police at her home; after which, paramedics were called, and evaluated her and transported her to the closest hospital emergency department. Mildred has multiple medical problems, and takes numerous medications, and a history of multiple medication allergies and adverse reactions. But because of her stroke, she is unable to speak or use her right hand to write. As a result, she can't tell the doctors and nurses in the E.R. what her medical histories are, nor tell the E.R. staff about her medications, or allergies. She tries desperately by nodding when the health care workers asks her if she as allergies, but can't figure out how to let the E.R. staff know what they are. Her care, essentially, has been compromised.

Well, doesn't the hospital have her medical records, you ask?

That silly question, is what a lot of patients ask, when they show up to see a new doctor or visit an emergency department, without their own personal health records (which from the most recent day I worked, constitute the overwhelming majority of patients). The Answer is NO, and not only that, consider some facts:

1) Hospitals and health care providers Do Not share medical records; i.e. one doctor or hospital does not share medical records with another one (with some rare exceptions, some hospitals share a system of electronic records and can access the same data base). Only when doctors make referrals, are doctors expected communicate with each other on what they think are essential pieces of information about a patient, and that's it, and that's the standard. Unless you only use one doctor for all your health care needs (impossible, unless your $1500/year concierge doctor is Board Certified in every specialty there is known to date), then you better have your own PHR.

2) Most medical records are hand written and paper based still, not electronic; therefore, inefficient and lengthy to retrieve. On top of that, doctors are known for the exceptionally bad hand writing. Overall, paper charts are the standard, and finding a key piece of information, could be as efficient as finding a needle in a haystack. And even if your doctor or hospital has electronic health records, it doesn't mean another health care provider can access it. (Sorry, Billary, your health care solution needs some more thought still.)

3) Hospitals and health care providers do not know what your latest list of medications or allergies/adverse reactions, nor all of you medical history (unless you were just in the hospital very recently). What happens in your doctors' offices, or in your pharmacies stays there; ( It's just like Las Vegas) So, don't expect some random hospital you end up in, or even your own hospital to know what your current medications are, what your complete list of allergies are, your complete medical history, etc.

4) When you're sick, you will perform and answer poorly and miss important details, when health care providers interrogate you with a series of questions about your medical history. Just think now, do you remember when your last tetanus shot was?

5) Federal law prohibits your medical records from one health care provider to be sent to another without your consent. In an emergency, such as Mildred's case, (or during weekends, after hours, or holidays) you may not be able to request a retrieval of records from another provider, let alone remember to do so. And even if you do remember, and are able to request one, it may take hours to accomplish.

In other words, Mildred is hosed. Her care now is fraught with uncertainties, because the hospital staff has no idea what her drug reactions are or what interactions could occur if she needed some emergent medical intervention.

So what could ePHRs do? (assuming it's updated regularly by the user)

1) keep a list of your latest medications, supplements, etc.
2) a comprehensive list of your medical / surgical history
3) a list of your medication or non-medication allergies or adverse reactions
4) emergency contact information
5) a complete list of your immunizations
6) a list of your physicians and their contact information
7) copies of important documents, such as advanced directives, do-not-resuscitate orders, durable power of attorney, etc.
8) insurance information.
9) allows user to print your ePHR in a nice organized format to keep on paper.
10) allow a surrogate to maintain one's ePHR, so that a computer illiterate person can still have one.
11) In addition, many ePHRs offer tools, and other features that address specific health issues. Being electronic, the information is available online.

The important thing to note, is that a PHR or ePHR's content is solely controlled by the user. You own the content, which is good (especially if you are a privacy freak). But it's not really the same as MEDICAL RECORDS, which is legal documentation that health care providers create. Therefore, ePHR it's as good as the user is able to maintain it within the confines of the ePHR tool. But, the benefits of having ePHRs should be obvious; if Mildred had an updated printed version of her ePHR, or a method for the health care provider to access her updated ePHR, just think how this might prevent medical errors, especially in the American's health care non-system. Even if you don't have hardly any medical problems to speak of, you should still start one.

So why are there so many people out there still running around with out an updated Personal Health Record? Apathy? Ignorance? Denial? Never learned how to use a typewriter? Don't know how to create one? Cost? Time?

If you've read my blog this far, you're probably not apathetic, nor ignorant any more, and hopefully not in denial. You certainly have way too much time on your hand. You just need to know how to create one. And while a number of ePHRs cost money, some are free. There are many options, each with various features that make them better than others.

So start a ePHR for your self, or someone you know that could really use one. Keep an updated copy in your home, and an access code to your ePHR with you at all times. The only one that looses now is an ambulance chaser.

Coming soon, some ePHRs to consider.

Universal Healthcare in the U.S.A.?

Another Billary Clinton sales pitch that will never pass Congress you say? Not really. In fact, according to President George Dubayah Bush, it exists, "....you just go to the emergency room."

Well, okay you say, no worries, it's fine that I have no health insurance. When I have a bad enough problem, I'll go to the E.R.

Whoa, hold on there young fella. Before you sink deeper into your delusion, or faith in the Church of Dubayah, read some fine lines below. There are some disclaimers; big financial ones.

First of all, what really happens when an individual without health insurance attempts to get medical care at a hospital emergency room? Well, what George W. refers to is a result of a series of laws that fall under EMTALA (Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act), which is designed to make sure any one in the U.S. with a MEDICAL EMERGENCY can get medical care. So as a legal obligation, a hospital, via its emergency department, must determine if the individual seeking emergency care HAS an emergency medical condition, and STABILIZE the emergency medical condition. Once an emergency medical condition is either ruled-out, or stabilized, the hospital has met its legal obligation.

What EMTALA or Dubayah doesn't account for is who pays for the care of the uninsured. The answer? The uninsured individual is responsible for paying the medical bill at the full price. What happens, for the most part, is that the majority of the uninsured could not possibly pay these bills. As a result, hospitals, and their affiliated health care providers, end up eating the loss, and compensate for their losses by raising the price tags for just about everything they provided to everyone else with insurance or with the ability to pay. And that's just one small reason why health care is so expensive in America.

So...when the innocent, invincible 20 year old American that still thinks he/she can play with his/her chances without health insurance (nor a sizable inheritance), he/she will be in for a some sticker shock when that, uh-say, appendicitis strikes; or be in for a major run-around PLUS a sticker shock when, hmm-say, a knee injury occurs that requires surgery.

Here's a scenario: Joe gets a belly pain, goes to an E.R., gets blood tests, CT scan, evaluation by doctors and nurses, gets pain medications in the E.R., and diagnosed with appendicitis. Joe undergoes emergency surgery by the on-call surgeon; heals from surgery and leaves the hospital 3 days later. Joe is back to work in a week with a full recovery. Thank you, EMTALA. But the bills? Probably totals to some where in the high 5 to low 6 digit figures (Joe will get multiple bills including the hospital bill, the doctors' bills, the pathologist bill, the radiologist's bill, etc.) Joe now is talking to a bankruptcy lawyer.

Here's another scenario; Jane falls off her bicycle, onto her knee, and the knee swells up and is too painful to stand on. Jane goes to an E.R.. The E.R. evaluation included an examination, and a set of x-rays, which shows no broken bone. The emergency physician's suspicion is a torn ligament or meniscus. To stabilize the emergency condition, Jane gets a splint, crutches, and is discharged. (emergency medical condition ruled-out, and stabilized per EMTALA) Jane is told to follow up with an orthopedic surgeon, perhaps get an MRI, and may need out-patient surgery to fix whatever the problem may be.
Jane spends the next two months with out success trying to find an orthopedic surgeon who take on a new patient that will take un-insured patients (or without a big retainer). Not able to work for two months, Jane loses her job as a waitress, and declares bankruptcy.

And these are just a couple of common scenarios; it gets much worse than this in many situations. So how did America, the most powerful nation on earth, end up with such a healthcare gap? That will be a topic for another blog.

For now, consider this: before you continue to think it's probably okay to be without medical insurance, THINK AGAIN.

Coming soon: navigating your insurance choices...